Ugandan Women similarly to the majority of countries around the world, the traditional gender roles of women in Uganda are often considered subordinate to those of men. However, women in Uganda have substantial economic and social responsibilities throughout Uganda’s many traditional societies. Ugandan women come from a range of economic and educational backgrounds. Despite economic and social change throughout the country, domestic violence and sexual assault remain prevalent issues in Uganda. However, illiteracy is directly correlated to increased level of domestic violence.
Social dynamics in Ugandan Women
Today gender roles in Uganda are influenced by tradition as well as constantly changing social dynamics. Traditional roles of women in Uganda are similar to traditional roles of women around the world. These roles are largely domestic including housekeeping, child rearing, fetching water, cooking, and tending to community needs.
In the 1980s, some women in rural areas of Buganda were expected to kneel when speaking to a man. At the same time, however, women shouldered the primary responsibilities for childcare and subsistence cultivation, and in the twentieth century, women had made substantial contributions to cash-crop agriculture.
While it has traditionally been the role of men to control familial financial matters, women provide substantial economic contributions to their families and to the larger Ugandan economy. Many women report they continue to struggle to find employment opportunities and some leave their communities to find greater employment opportunities elsewhere.
Traditional gender roles that have been largely revitalized by US evangelical influence, assert the role of women as based in domestic responsibilities. Therefore, female employment continues to be stigmatized within Ugandan culture. However, there have been greater initiatives to generate women’s employment around the country.
In many respects, Ugandan women hold and have held rights that exceeded those of women in Western societies. Many Ugandans recognize women as important religious and community leaders.
Women have held rights to own land, influence crucial political decisions made by men, and cultivate crops for their own profit. When cash-crop agriculture became lucrative, as in southeastern Uganda in the 1920s, men often claimed rights to land owned by their female relatives, and their claims were supported by local councils and protectorate courts.
All along we have known Ugandan women as people who like keeping low profile as well as leaving their men enjoy so much freedom and social life as they wish, but there are important characteristics we have not revealed to the masses.Venas News will unearth some of the traits that these women bear that could shock you.
Polygamy among Ugandan Women
Further information: Polygamy in Uganda
Polygamous marriage practices, which permit a man to marry more than one woman, have reinforced some aspects of male dominance. However, they also have given women an arena for cooperating to oppose male dominance.
In Uganda, a man sometimes grants “male status” to his senior wife, allowing her to behave as an equal toward men and as a superior toward his other wives. In the twentieth century, polygamous marriages represented social bonds that were not legally recognized as marriage, leaving women without legal rights to inheritance or maintenance in the event of divorce or widowhood.
Gender equality among Uganda Women
As with many other countries, Uganda faces multiple obstacles in its movement toward gender equality. After gender equality and women empowerment was listed as one of the UN Millennium Development Goals of 2000, the Ugandan Justice, Law and Order Sector (JLOS) responded in their Gender and Access to Justice (2001) annual report addressing various obstacles in accessing justice. In 2012, the JLOS reported that because of patriarchy and the lack of gender equality, the majority of the poor are women; many of which are ignorant of or deprived of certain rights like owning land.Gender-based violence has been reported as another issue.
According to authorities within the Ugandan Police Force, many Ugandans accept the battering of women as a long-standing social norm.In 2001, a survey revealed that 90% of women reported that “beating a wife or female partner was justifiable in some circumstances.”
A 2018 Reuters article highlighted the concern over gender based violence in covering a story involving 20 corpses of young women along the roadsides south of the Kampala. In addition to the lack of justice and protection against violence, there is a significant gender gap with education.
Women are under-represented in Ugandan financial services: women control around 39 percent of Ugandan firms, yet they receive just 9 percent of commercial loans. They are 40% less likely to hold a bank account than males. In addition, just 25% of women utilise mobile money.
Uganda’s National Financial Inclusion Strategy seeks to address this, with the Uganda Development Bank (UDBL) leading the way. The European Investment Bank provided them with a €15 million loan line as part of the East Africa SME-focused Regional Facility and the organisation’s SheInvest for Africa project.
Uganda’s National Financial Inclusion Strategy is now focusing especially on female-led private enterprise through a new project dubbed the 2X Challenge. The 2X Challenge is a pledge by development finance institutions to invest $3 billion in women’s economic empowerment by the end of 2020. The project’s purpose is to promote women as entrepreneurs, business leaders, and workers.
Agriculture and agribusiness have the most women-led firms in Uganda Development Bank’s portfolio.
The gender gap and education among Ugandan Women
According to the World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap 2017 Report, Uganda is ranked 45 out of 144 countries on the basis of its four key indicators: Economic Participation and Opportunity, Educational Attainment, Health and Survival, and Political Empowerment. Under the country score card section of this report, it revealed that Uganda ranked #1 in primary education enrollment and yet only #127 in secondary education.
This means that for the majority of girls in Uganda, their schooling is halted before or soon after becoming a teenager. The cultural practice of parents relying heavier on girls more than boys for household labor needs may be a main cause for this disparity in education.
A 2013 study done by Martina Björkman-Nyqvist indicated a sharp drop in school enrollment for females when their households faced financial setbacks from a lack of rain/crop production or other economic shortfalls. And in the districts where schooling was free, it showed a significant drop in the marks earned by female students during the times of economic hardship
. Meanwhile, the study showed that boys remained unscathed in either scenario. Whether it is economic shocks, early unwanted pregnancies or fleeing family violence, many girls have to stop their education prematurely. As a result, these young women face reduced opportunities for work and a significant amount of them are driven into unhealthy sexual relationships or find themselves doing sex work in Kampala to survive and support their families.
Interventions for gender equality among Uganda Women
Actions taken to bridge these gender gaps and bring justice have served as a catalyst for development, empowering Ugandan woman to lay hold of various rights, positions and opportunities.
In Kasese District, Western Uganda, the Gender Action Learning System (GALS) provides training in the production and trade of the nation’s staples: coffee, maize and fruit. Through initiatives like this, women are positioned to access needed healthcare and education, thus helping them escape the poverty trap.
Research findings also indicate a decline in gender-based violence as women become key contributors in bolstering local economies. An IMF 2016 survey found its gender budgeting very successful in Sub-Sahara countries like Uganda and Rwanda.
When targeted funds provide clean water and electricity is accessible, the reduction of daily household chores makes it more feasible to earn the monies needed for a girl’s education.
Through education and couple counseling programs within The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), women learn assertiveness skills that help them better navigate relational choices and safe sex practices. Clubs such as the Empowerment of Livelihood and Adolescents (ELA) have the goal of helping girls evade teen pregnancy and underage marriage.
Resistance to changing norms
The changing of age old social norms have been met with some resistance and negative repercussion. After public campaigns promoting women’s rights, Uganda has been one of the countries noted by the World Health Organization to experience backlash resulting in violence.n a four-year study in Rakai, Uganda noted widespread uneasiness among both women and men as equality initiatives challenged the concept of a women’s place in the home and society in general.
With women gaining more financial autonomy and power in the home, many reported a concern that this challenge to traditional gender roles may cause men to feel threatened and respond with domestic violence. The Rakai study stressed the importance of have community initiatives in place that can broaden cultural understandings in recognizing that there are many benefits as women empowerment and equality is embraced.
History of the Uganda Women
Women began to organize to exercise their political power before independence. In 1960 the Uganda Council of Women led by Edith Mary Bataringaya passed a resolution urging that laws regarding marriage, divorce, and inheritance should be recorded in written form and publicized nationwide—a first step toward codifying customary and modern practices.
During the first decade of independence, this council also pressed for legal reforms that would grant all women the right to own property and retain custody of their children if their marriages ended.
During the 1970s and early 1980s, the violence that swept Uganda inflicted a particularly heavy toll on women. Economic hardships were felt first in the home, where women and children lacked economic choices available to most men. Women’s work became more time-consuming than it had been; the erosion of public services and infrastructure reduced access to schools, hospitals, and markets. Even traveling to nearby towns was often impossible. Some Ugandan women believed that the war years strengthened their independence, however, as the disruption of normal family life opened new avenues for acquiring economic independence, and government reports suggested that the number of women employed in commerce increased in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
The Museveni government of the late 1980s pledged to eliminate discrimination against women in official policy and practice. Women are active in the National Resistance Army (NRA), and Museveni appointed a woman, Joan Kakwenzire, to a six-member commission to document abuses by the military. The government also has decreed that one woman would represent each district on the National Resistance Council. In addition, the government-operated Uganda Commercial Bank has launched a rural credit plan to make farm loans more easily available to women.
Museveni appointed Joyce Mpanga minister for women and development in 1987, and she proclaimed the government’s intention to raise women’s wages, increase women’s credit and employment opportunities, and improve the lives of women in general. In 1989 there were two women serving as ministers and three serving as deputy ministers in the NRM cabinet. Women civil servants and professionals also formed an organization, Action for Development, to assist women in war-torn areas, especially the devastated Luwero region in central Uganda.
The Uganda Association of Women Lawyers, which was founded in 1976, established a legal-aid clinic in early 1988 to defend women who faced the loss of property or children because of divorce, separation, or widowhood. The association also sought to expand educational opportunities for women,
increase childsupport payments (equivalent to US$0.50 per month in 1989) in case of divorce, establish common legal grounds for divorce for both men and women, establish common criminal codes for men and women, assist women and children who were victims of AIDS, and implement nationwide education programs to inform women of their legal rights.
Ugandan Ladies are:
Submissive
Ugandan women are known to be very submissive. It is shocking that these women respect their men so much that they can kneel down before them when greeting them. Even when the man offends them, they are the ones to bow before their husbands while accepting apology from their rogue husbands.
Good cooks.
Though Uganda women like traditional meals, they are known for their superior cooking techniques. A simple meal can be cooked to become so delicious, finger licking and appealing to even people who lost appetite a century ago.
Average in bed
Ugandan men are known to be average in bed; they are neither hot nor cold but they can satisfy an average man. You can’t compare a Ugandan and Kenyan girl when it comes to bedroom matters.
Loyal
Unlike Kenyan women who are quick to fight a man who crosses their line, Ugandan women will always stick to their men. It is hard to find a Ugandan woman applying for divorce even if he catches his man red handed with another woman.
Not so ambitious
Ugandan women are not very ambitious-this is one of the traits that make them so reserved and second to their men in all aspects.
Once this woman is married, she will forget about education, business and any venture that could bring her some fortune.
They worship their men
Statistics show that more than 80 % of Ugandan women don’t raise their voices when offended by their men-they simply thing men are gods.
Not so beautiful
Ugandan women are not among the most beautiful ladies in Africa-they are average.
MOST INFLUENTIAL LADIES IN UGANDA
Rebecca Kadaga
Rebecca Kadaga, 64, is one of the most powerful and significant female leaders in Uganda. Rebecca Kadaga is a lawyer, politician and Member of Parliament (MP) for Kamuli District.
She has held the position of Speaker of Parliament in Uganda since 19 May 2011.
For Kadaga, being the first female speaker of Parliament is a great and unique opportunity for her to leave a significant stamp on the legislative arena.
Jane Ruth Aceng
Jane Ruth Aceng is a Ugandan paediatrician and politician. She is the Minister of Health, a post she was appointed to on the 6th of June 2016. Aceng will always be remembered for her aggressive efforts in the fight against the spread of the COVID 19 pandemic in Uganda in 2020.
Pheona Nabasa Gladys Wall
Pheona Nabasa Gladys Wall, 40, commonly known as Pheona Wall, is a Ugandan lawyer and Public Relation Officer with over 15 years’ experience. Nabasa became an inspirational female figure when she was elected president of the Uganda Law Society in September 2020. Her approach towards legal issues in the country has been noted as futuristic.
Sarah Bireete
Sarah Bireete is a lawyer, Human rights activist, and the executive director of the Center for Constitutional Governance (CCG). The Human rights advocate has played a pivotal role in the fight for human rights in Uganda through her CCG initiative, through her CCG initiative, an institution that acts as one of the constitutional watchdogs in the country.
Shamim Malende
Shamim Malende, is a Ugandan lawyer, politician, and community activist. Malende is also the elected Member of Parliament for Kampala district in Uganda’s 11th Parliament. The aggressive lawyer is not only influential because of her successful legal career but a key figure in the fight for equal justice especially for the less privileged.
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